How To Draw Stairs Floor Plan

Stairs and Ramps

Stairs, ramps, elevators, and escalators provide admission to different flooring levels within or on the exterior of a structure. Stairs and ramps are often used in buildings three stories in height and less, whereas elevators and escalators are employed on buildings of iv

Effigy ix-ane Shop drawings are highly detailed associates drawings washed by a subcontractor. They prove a designer's initial design and drawing with expanded views, descriptions, and structure details.

TRIM AT DOOR

Base of operations TRIM

MULL ION

TRIM east UJALL

184 peak rail

MEAD TRIM a DOOR

134 bottom bail sheep

Exterior ELEVATION

STAIRS

Meridian OF HANDRAIL Betwixt 34" TO 38' C8&5-9&5; ABOVE STAIR NOSING

MIN. 60° SLOPE TO RISER

Drawing Stairs

Open RISERS Not PERMITTED

top of handrail between 34'-3s' í0&five-9é>5; in a higher place ramp 9ura=ace inside handrail on turns must exist continuous handrails omitted for clarity, just required on both sides of ramp runs when ascent is over b' d5z>; or horizontal length is over 12" (18301.

NONCONTINUOUS HANDRAILS MUST EXTEND BETOND STAIRS AS SHOWN AND Exist PARALLEL TO Floor.

HANDRAILS REQUIRED AT BOTH SIDES OF STAIRS Within HANDRAIL MUST BE CONTINUOUS ON STAIR TURNS.

tí' (38; MAXIMUM PROJECTION

OPEN RISERS NOT PERMITTED

HANDRAILS REQUIRED AT BOTH SIDES OF STAIRS Inside HANDRAIL MUST BE CONTINUOUS ON STAIR TURNS.

tí' (38; MAXIMUM Projection

: Figure ix-2 Stair design and construction must run into building lawmaking and ADA requirements, including rules on configuration, width, risers, treads, landings, and handrails.

noncontinuous handrails must extend 121 í30sj as shoiln and exist parallel to ground surface.

threescore" (1525} past 60" (1525; landing required f ramp changes management.

noncontinuous handrails must extend 121 í30sj as shoiln and exist parallel to basis surface.

lx" (1525} by 60" (1525; landing required f ramp changes direction.

min. width 36' (9i5j top of handrail between 34'-3s' í0&v-9é>5; above ramp 9ura=ace inside handrail on turns must be continuous

Ramp Guardrail Guidelines

handrails omitted for clarity, but required on both sides of ramp runs when ascent is over b' d5z>; or horizontal length is over 12" (18301.

Effigy nine-3 Ramps must be constructed in accordance with ADA guidelines and building codes. They provide physically disabled individuals with access to different floors.

min. width 36' (9i5j

Effigy 9-3 Ramps must be constructed in accord with ADA guidelines and edifice codes. They provide physically disabled individuals with admission to different floors.

floors or more. Yet, in buildings such every bit shopping centers, which have loftier floor-to-flooring dimensions and must accommodate a not bad number of people, escalators are commonly used. The design of stairs should place the to the lowest degree amount of physical strain on the people who use them, while reinforcing the design character of the space and construction of the building. Designs can range from major or monumental stairways to stairways that are strictly for utilitarian purposes.

Stairs are ordinarily constructed from wood, steel, or concrete. Their design and construction must see a number of building code and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements for configuration, width, risers, treads, landings, and handrails (Figure nine-ii). In many cases, a stair is augmented by a ramp that provides vertical transit for physically impaired individuals or ease of moving heavy objects (Figure 9-3). Interior blueprint projects might involve the design and construction of a new stair or the remodel of an existing stair. Remodeling is ofttimes done to upgrade a stair in an older building to meet the current building codes or ADA requirements. Stairway Configurations and Terms

Stairs may be designed in a number of configurations to suit the amount of space bachelor, the geometry of the layout, and the vertical/horizontal altitude they must traverse. The most common stair configurations are shown in Effigy nine-4. Their basic arrangements can be described by the following categories: direct run, right-bending run, reversing run, and some form of circular run. Figure 9-5 illustrates some of the most commonly used stair terms, defined beneath:

Baluster — the vertical components that hold the handrail. These are spaced to prevent people from falling through. These are governed by edifice codes and are

Code For Ada Stairs

normally a maximum clearance to prevent a iv-inch (101.six mm) sphere from passing through.

Guardrail — a rail that is used on the landings or floor levels to forbid people from falling betwixt flooring levels. It is usually a minimum of 36 inches high in residential and 42 inches loftier in commercial buildings.

Handrail — a continuous department of railing adjacent to a stair for a person to grasp equally an aid when ascending or descending. Building codes closely control whether the railing is on i or both sides of the stair, its acme above the floor, and other specifics.

Headroom — the minimum clearance between the edge (or nose) of the tread and any part of an obstruction to a higher place.

straight run

- MUST HAVE INTERMEDIATE LANDING F R-OOR TO H-OOR Meridian I» AOO^B a FT.

fifty-shape

- CTTEN USED IN COWERS

- RH OR FLIGHT CF STAIRS MAT Exist EOUAL OR LKEOLLAL CN EACH SIDE OF LANDING

- U-9HAPE STAIRS ARE Oft» USED IN SERIES SUCH AS STAIRUAYS BemesN mant floors of

HIGH-Rising BUILDINGS

- USED PRIMARILY ONLY IN RESIDENTIAL, As THEY CAN BE HAZARDOUS AND HOT PERMITTED Past MOST COMMERCIAL CODES As AN egress STAIR

- USED WHEN THEFC IB Non ENOUGH TOOM FOR AN Fifty-6HAPE STAIR

- rwinieuasfireexitstairs

IN ac*-« CASES WITH AN AffROVED RADIUS

RESID^CES

- Tin BE Difficult TO CARRY LAR5E OBJECTS Upwardly « Downwards STAIRS IF SMALL RADIUS IS USED

- SPIRAL STAIRS CAN ^SEMBLE CUfWED STAIRS ILHEN THET HAVE A LARGE RADIUS

: INTEWEI3IATE LANDINS -MINI. LENGTH EQUAL TO STAIR UIDTH

■SHAPED STAIRS Tin can

■SHAPED STAIRS CAN

$- MODIMCATIONS CAN \ BE MADB FOR STAIR \ FLIGHTS TO RJ4 IN \ M ANT DICTIONS-1$: - MODIMCATIONS CAN \ BE MADB FOR STAIR \ FLIGHTS TO RJ4 IN \ M Emmet DICTIONS-1

: MOVIE STARS AFC É^Ten iSN UIALONG DOIIN T1-E8E STAJRS

■LANDINGS

OUADRANT <V4) OF THE CYLINDER

■LANDINGS

OUADRANT <V4) OF THE CYLINDER

SIDE < Program VIEWS

LANDw STAIR ¿AND 4 STAIR UAND&

iHffltirr nimiT i

Figure 9-4 Stairs can be constructed in a number of different configurations, depending on the amount of infinite available and the altitude betwixt floors.

plan view

Figure nine-five (far left) Typical parts of a stair.

-STAIF» Tin f*e Fabricated MORE \ program view MANAGEABLE BY OFFSET N3 T^Eastward CCNVERSS^CE OF Tl-E COWCR STAIRS—

5 Fifty^DiNt

Landing — the floor or platform at the offset or end of a stair, or between two or more stair runs. Newel — the terminating baluster at the lesser or top of a stair, which is usually larger than the other balusters. Nosing — the part of the tread that overhangs the riser, reducing the trouble of a person accidentally kicking the riser every bit they ascend the stair.

Rise — the total vertical altitude that is traveled on a stair. Information technology is the perpendicular measurement betwixt floor levels and the sum of all the riser heights. Riser — the vertical part of a stair between the treads. Run — the total horizontal depth of a stair, which is the sum of the treads.

Stringer — the structural back up for the stair treads and risers. This is also referred to as a railroad vehicle. It might exist exposed on a utilitarian stair, or hidden with various finishes on more decorative stairs.

Tread — the horizontal part of a stair that the pes bears down upon.

Winder - the wedge-shaped tread in a turn of the stairway run - constitute more often than not in residential work, because commercial building codes restrict these.

Drafting Standards

The pattern and drawing details needed to illustrate a stair are dependent upon the complexity of the stair and the bones structural material it is synthetic of. Stair systems are made primarily of wood, steel, or concrete. Wood stairs are mostly used in residential construction and are generally the simplest to draw and detail. Stairs are shown on the floor plans and called out as to their basic widths and number of treads and risers. The program likewise shows the run and an arrow indicating whether the stairs go up or down from that level. Flooring-plan views of stairs often cannot show all the materials and cantankerous-exclusive parts of their assemblies. Special stair sections (Figure 9-half-dozen) are often drawn to show the construction and cease details. In most cases, the designer does not have to draw every detail of a stairway and its many components. The fabricators of metallic, physical, and some wood stairs often make shop drawings. These detailed drawings are submitted to the designer for review.

Scale of Drawings

The calibration of stairway drawings is generally V8" = 1'-0" (one:100 metric) or Westward = ane'-0" (1:50 metric), both in plan and elevation views. The number of treads and risers, as well as their dimensions, are called out here. Generic features such as the handrails and guardrails are also shown in both the plan and elevation views. More often than not, handrails seen in meridian views are placed at a uniform height thirty-34 inches (762-864 mm) above the stair nosing. In commercial projects with steel or concrete stairs, a large-calibration cartoon and stair department are required to fully explain these stair details and handrail/guardrail specifics. These are drawn at a scale of at least V2" = 1'-0" (1:xx metric) and cross-referenced to the floor plans.

To determine the number of treads and risers a stair must have, the vertical dimension betwixt flooring levels must be known. This vertical dimension is divided past the maximum riser height immune past the edifice codes. At this writing, most residential stairs are limited to a maximum riser summit of 8 inches (203 mm) and a minimum tread depth of 9% inches (235 mm). Commercial codes restrict the maximum height of a riser to seven inches (178 mm), with

Architectural Drawing Ramp

a minimum tread depth of 11 inches (280 mm). In a residential building, the typical vertical dimension might be 9'-ten", or 106 inches (two.69 thou). The designer divides 106 by eight to find the minimum number of risers needed, which is 13.ii. If only thirteen are used, each riser will be slightly over 8 inches, which is not allowed co-ordinate to the lawmaking. Rounding up to 14 will ensure each riser is slightly beneath the immune 8 inches.

To find the full number of treads, remember that at that place is always ane tread fewer than number of risers, equally the floor levels at each stair finish are not counted as treads. In our example, there would be 13 treads at nine inches (229 mm) each, for a resulting stair run of 13 ten 9" = 9 feet, xi inches (3.02 m).

Effigy ix-6 Stair sections are often drawn to detail out the construction and finish components, which are not shown in plan views.

programme.

Checklist for Stairways

General

• If a separate enlarged cartoon is done for the stairway, cardinal it and cross-reference to the flooring plans.

• Show stairs in their entirety where possible, or use intermission lines where they continue on another flooring level.

• Cheque stair widths, riser heights, tread widths, landing widths, and other particulars against the appropriate edifice codes and ADA requirements. Verify required dimensions and clearances.

Notations

• Phone call out management of travel (up or downwardly) on each section of stairway, and indicate with an arrow.

Dimensioning Stairways

Stairways are dimensioned on the floor plans every bit to their landing sizes, widths, and run of each stair, as seen in Figure 9-7. The total number and dimensions of the risers and runs are besides shown on the plan. Vertical heights of the stair rise, handrails, and other particulars are dimensioned on a separate section or summit drawing that is cantankerous-referenced to the programme view (Figure ix-eight). Designation of Materials

A stair's materials can be indicated in a number of different ways, depending upon how many materials at that place are and the size and complexity of the construction. Underlying structural materials might be chosen out with notes or shown in a sectional view. If the structural cloth is also the finished surface, this should be called out. If a separate finish textile covers the stair, this might be called out in the section view, plan view, or on a separate stop

Figure 9-seven This enlarged programme of a stairway shows the dimensions of the landings, the widths and the run of each stair, risers, treads, and other details.

Figure 9-eight Stair sections show heights of the stair rising, handrails, and other details, cross-referenced to the plan view.

Stair Plan And Section

Commencement FLOOR STAIRIUAY

Figure nine-eight Stair sections show heights of the stair rise, handrails, and other details, cross-referenced to the plan view.

ENTRY

Staircase Plan View

FIRST Flooring

LOWER LEVEL

Offset Floor

ENTRY

LOWER LEVEL

STAIR SECTION

• Annotation handrails and other trim. Central to where these tin exist establish in more item.

• Telephone call out materials where stairs are shown in section view, including structural and finish components.

• Cross-reference to any structural plans where they are provided.

Dimensions

• Call out number and widths of treads, too as number and height of risers.

• Dimension the total run of stairs in both programme and section views.

• Dimension the width of the stairs and whatsoever landings.

• Dimension treads, nosings, risers, landings, and handrail locations in sectional views of stairways.

Millwork

Architectural plans are oft drawn at a scale too small to prove adequate detail for cabinetry and millwork such every bit moldings, paneling, miscellaneous trim, and casings for doors and windows. These components are drawn and detailed at a large scale and cross-referenced to the basic plans. Millwork and cabinetry, likewise referred to as architectural woodwork, can include both manufactured stock components and custom woodwork that is assembled on the jobsite (Figure ix-9). Although some designers include cabinetry nether the category of millwork, information technology will be treated here as a carve up classification due to the specialized drawings needed to describe information technology.

Effigy 9-nine This large-scale drawing shows the placement of stock-manufactured base cabinets.

Fallingwater Plan Dwg