Drawing Of The Digestive System
Skill:
• Production of an annotated diagram of the digestive system
There are two major groups of organs which comprise the human digestive system:
- The alimentary canal consists of organs through which food actually passes (oesophagus, stomach, small & large intestine)
- The accessory organs aid in digestion but do not actually transfer food (salivary glands, pancreas, liver, gall bladder)
Diagram of the Digestive System
⇒ Click on the diagram to show / hide labels
Alimentary Canal :
Oesophagus
•A hollow tube connecting the oral cavity to the stomach (separated from the trachea by the epiglottis)
•Food is mixed with saliva and then is moved in a bolus via the action of peristalsis
Stomach
• A temporary storage tank where food is mixed by churning and protein digestion begins
• It is lined by gastric pits that release digestive juices, which create an acidic environment (pH ~2)
Small Intestine
• A long, highly folded tube where usable food substances (nutrients) are absorbed
• Consists of three sections – the duodenum, jejunum and ileum
Large Intestine
• The final section of the alimentary canal, where water and dissolved minerals (i.e. ions) are absorbed
• Consists of the ascending / transverse / descending / sigmoidal colon, as well as the rectum
Accessory Organs :
Salivary Glands
• Release saliva to moisten food and contains enzymes (e.g. amylase) to initiate starch breakdown
• Salivary glands include the parotid gland, submandibular gland and sublingual gland
Pancreas
• Produces a broad spectrum of enzymes that are released into the small intestine via the duodenum
• Also secretes certain hormones (insulin, glucagon), which regulate blood sugar concentrations
Liver
• Takes the raw materials absorbed by the small intestine and uses them to make key chemicals
• Its role includes detoxification, storage, metabolism, bile production and haemoglobin breakdown
Gall Bladder
• The gall bladder stores the bile produced by the liver (bile salts are used to emulsify fats)
• Bile stored in the gall bladder is released into the small intestine via the common bile duct
Drawing of a Human Digestive System
Key Features:
- Stomach should look like a 'J'-shaped bag and be connected to the oesophagus and small intestine
- Liver should look like a right-angled triangle and be superimposed to the left of the stomach (right side of the human)
- Bile duct (connected to gall bladder) and pancreatic duct should both feed into a U-shaped bend of the small intestine
- Small intestine should be thinner in width than the large intestine
Drawing Of The Digestive System
Source: https://ib.bioninja.com.au/standard-level/topic-6-human-physiology/61-digestion-and-absorption/digestive-system.html
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